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Wednesday, December 22, 2010

Blessed Christmas!

May you wonder at the birth accounts in Luke, Matthew and John (note: the prologue especially 1:14), and may you experience the blessed peace made possible by Christ this Christmas.

--- marty ---

Tuesday, December 21, 2010

John 6:54

ὁ τρώγων μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίνων μου τὸ αἷμα ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον, κἀγὼ ἀναστήσω αὐτὸν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one eating of me the flesh and one drinking of me the blood he has life eternal, and I I will raise up him the last day.

Smooth Translation:
The one eating my flesh and drinking my blood has eternal life, and I myself will raise him up the last day.

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

τρώγων present active participle nominative singular masculine from τρώγω (I eat) "one eating" (note: this is not ἐσθίω, and Jesus seems to be using stronger language as this conversation goes along, but Vine points out that this could be over pressed.)

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

σάρκα noun accusative singular feminine "flesh"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πίνων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πίνω (I drink) "one drinking"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

αἷμα noun accusative singular neuter "blood"

ἔχει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he has"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative singular feminine "eternal"

κἀγὼ compound conjunction with nominative 1st singular pronoun "and I"

ἀναστήσω verb future active indicative 1st singular from ἀνίστημι (I raise up) "I will raise up"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐσχάτῃ adjective dative singular feminine "last"

ἡμέρᾳ noun dative singular feminine "day"

Monday, December 20, 2010

John 6:53

εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ἐὰν μὴ φάγητε τὴν σάρκα τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου καὶ πίητε αὐτοῦ τὸ αἷμα, οὐκ ἔχετε ζωὴν ἐν ἑαυτοῖς.

Rough Word-by-word:
he said therefore to them the Jesus, "Amen Amen I say to you, if not you all might eat the flesh the of son the of men and you all might drink of him the blood, not you all have life in yourselves.

Smooth Translation:
Therefore Jesus said to them, "Amen, amen I say to you, if you do not eat the flesh of the son of man and you do not drink his blood, you do not have life in yourselves.

Notes:
I'm tempted to keep the wooden literal subjunctive "possibility" using might not eat and might not drink...Is Jesus saying, "Since you don't have life in yourselves, the crucifixion has to happen in order for you to have the possibility of life?" Perhaps this is best left to homiletic exegesis.

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

ἀμὴν adverb "amen, certainly"

ἀμὴν adverb "amen, certainly"

λέγω verb present active indicative 1st singular from λέγω (I say) "I say"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you all"

ἐὰν conditional particle "if"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

φάγητε verb aorist active subjunctive 2nd plural from ἐσθίω (I eat) "you all might eat"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

σάρκα noun accusative singular feminine "flesh"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

υἱοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "[of] son"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

ἀνθρώπου noun genitive singular masculine "[of] man"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πίητε verb aorist active subjunctive 2nd plural from πίνω (I drink) "you all might drink"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

αἷμα noun accusative singular neuter "blood"

οὐκ adverb of negation "not"

ἔχετε verb present active indicative 2nd plural from ἔχω (I have) "you all have"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

ἑαυτοῖς reflexive pronoun "yourselves"

Wednesday, December 15, 2010

John 6:52

Ἐμάχοντο οὖν πρὸς ἀλλήλους οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι λέγοντες· πῶς δύναται ἡμῖν οὗτος δοῦναι τὴν σάρκα φαγεῖν;

Rough Word-by-word:
They were fighting therefore to one another the Jews saying, "How is able to us this [man] to give the flesh to eat?"

Smooth Translation:
Therefore the Jews were arguing with one another saying, "How is this man able to give us the flesh to eat?"

Ἐμάχοντο verb imperfect middle indicative 3rd plural from μάχομαι (I strive, I fight) "they were fighting"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

ἀλλήλους pronoun accusative plural masculine "one another"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

Ἰουδαῖοι adjective nominative plural masculine "Jews"

λέγοντες present active participle nominative plural masculine from λέγω (I say) "saying"

πῶς adverb "how"

δύναται verb present passive indicative 3rd singular from δύναμαι (I am able) "is he able"

ἡμῖν pronoun dative 1st plural ([to] us)

οὗτος demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

δοῦναι aorist active infinitive from δίδωμι (I give) "to give"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

σάρκα noun accusative singular feminine "flesh"

φαγεῖν verb aorist active infinitive from ἐσθίω (I eat) "to eat"

Tuesday, December 14, 2010

John 6:51

ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος ὁ ζῶν ὁ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καταβάς· ἐάν τις φάγῃ ἐκ τοῦ ἐμοῦ ἄρτου, ζήσει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα· καὶ ὁ ἄρτος δὲ ὃν ἐγὼ δώσω ὑπὲρ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου ζωῆς, ἡ σάρξ μου ἐστίν.

Rough Word-by-word:
I I am the bread the one living the from the heaven having come down, if one he might eat from the of me bread, he will live unto the age, and also the bread which I I will give in behalf of of the world of life, the flesh of me is.

Smooth Translation:
I myself am the living bread having come down from heaven. If one might eat my bread he will live forever, and the bread which I myself will give for the life of the world is my flesh.

ἐγώ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

εἰμι verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμι (I am) "I am"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ζῶν present active participle nominative singular masculine from ζάω (I live) "one living"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "[of] heaven"

καταβάς aorist active participle genitive singular masculine καταβαίνω (I come down) "having come down"

ἐάν conditional particle "if"

τις relative pronoun nominative singular masculine "one"

φάγῃ verb aorist active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἐσθίω (I eat) "he might eat"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

ἐμοῦ pronoun genitive 1st singular "[of] me"

ἄρτου noun genitive singular masculine "bread"

ζήσει verb future active indicative 3rd singular from ζάω (I live) "he will live"

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

αἰῶνα noun accusative singular masculine "age" (note: τὸν αἰῶνα is idiomatic - "forever")

καὶ conjunction used adverbially "also" (note the post positive conjunction δὲ)

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and"

ὃν relative pronoun accusative singular masculine "which"

ἐγὼ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

δώσω verb future active indicative 1st singular from δίδωμι (I give) "I will give"

ὑπὲρ preposition with genitive "in behalf of"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

κόσμου noun genitive singular masculine "[of] world"

ζωῆς noun genitive singular feminine "[of] life"

definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

σάρξ noun nominative singular feminine "flesh"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "[of] me"

ἐστίν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμι (I am) "it is"

Monday, December 13, 2010

John 6:50

οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἄρτος ὁ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καταβαίνων, ἵνα τις ἐξ αὐτοῦ φάγῃ καὶ μὴ ἀποθάνῃ.

Rough Word-by-word:
This is the bread the from the heaven one coming down, that one out of it might eat and not he might die.

Smooth Translation:
This is the bread coming down out of heaven, that one might eat of it and not die.

οὗτός demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[he] it is"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἐκ genitive pronoun "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "[of] heaven"

καταβαίνων present active participle nominative singular masculine from καταβαίνω (I come down) "coming down"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

τις relative pronoun nominative singular masculine "one"

ἐξ genitive pronoun "from, out of"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "[of] [him] it"

φάγῃ verb aorist active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἐσθίω (I eat) "he might eat"

καὶ conjunction "and"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

ἀποθάνῃ verb aorist active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἀποθνήσκω (I die) "he might die"

Thursday, December 9, 2010

John 6:49

οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἔφαγον ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τὸ μάννα καὶ ἀπέθανον·

Rough Word-by-word:
The fathers of you all they ate in the wilderness the manna and they died.

Smooth Translation:
Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness and they died.

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

πατέρες noun nominative plural masculine "fathers"

ὑμῶν pronoun genitive plural masculine "of you"

ἔφαγον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from ἐσθίω (I eat) "they ate"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐρήμῳ noun (or substantive adjective) dative singular feminine "wilderness, desert"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

μάννα noun accusative singular neuter "manna"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἀπέθανον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from ἀποθνήσκω (I die) "they died"

Wednesday, December 8, 2010

John 6:48

ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς.

Rough Word-by-word:
I I am the bread the of life.

Smooth Translation:
I myself am the bread of life.

ἐγώ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

εἰμι verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμι (I am) "I am"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

ζωῆς noun genitive singular feminine "[of] life"

Tuesday, December 7, 2010

John 6:47

ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, ὁ πιστεύων ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον.

Rough Word-by-word:
Amen amen I say to you all, the one believing he has life eternal.

Smooth Translation:
Amen, amen I say to you, the one believing has eternal life.

ἀμὴν adverb "amen, certainly"

ἀμὴν adverb " amen, certainly"

λέγω verb present active indicative 1st singular from λέγω (I say) "I say"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you all"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

ἔχει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he has"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative singular feminine "eternal"

Saturday, December 4, 2010

John 6:46

οὐχ ὅτι τὸν πατέρα ἑώρακέν τις, εἰ μὴ ὁ ὢν παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, οὗτος ἑώρακεν τὸν θεόν.

Rough Word-by-word:
not that the father he has seen one, if not the one being from beside the God, this one he has seen the God.

Smooth Translation:
not that the father has anyone seen, if not the one being from beside God, this one, he has seen God.

οὐχ adverb of negation "not"

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

πατέρα noun accusative singular masculine "father"

ἑώρακέν verb perfect active indicative 3rd singular from ὁράω (I see) "has seen"

τις relative pronoun "one"

εἰ conditional particle "if"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ὢν present active participle nominative singular masculine from εἰμί (I am) "one being"

παρὰ preposition with genitive "from beside"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

οὗτος demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this one"

ἑώρακεν verb perfect active indicative 3rd singular from ὁράω (I see) "he has seen"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

θεόν proper noun accusative singular masculine "God"

Thursday, December 2, 2010

John 6:45

ἔστιν γεγραμμένον ἐν τοῖς προφήταις· καὶ ἔσονται πάντες διδακτοὶ θεοῦ· πᾶς ὁ ἀκούσας παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ μαθὼν ἔρχεται πρὸς ἐμέ.

Rough Word-by-word:
It is having been written in the prophets, "And they will be all taught [men] of God." Every one having heard from the father and having been discipled he comes to me.

Smooth Translation:
It is written in the prophets, "And they will all be taught of God." Every one having heard from the father and having been discipled comes to me.

ἔστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it is"

γεγραμμένον perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter from γράφω (I write)"having been written"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τοῖς definite article dative plural masculine "the"

προφήταις noun dative plural masculine "prophets"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἔσονται verb future middle indicative 3rd plural from εἰμί (I am) "they will be"

πάντες adjective nominative plural masculine "all"

διδακτοὶ adjective nominative plural masculine "taught [men]"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "[of] God"

πᾶς adjective nominative singular masculine "all"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἀκούσας aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from ἀκούω (I hear) "ones who heard"

παρὰ preposition with genitive "from"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

πατρὸς noun genitive singular masculine "father"

καὶ conjunction "and"

μαθὼν aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from μανθάνω (I disciple) "being discipled" (predicate position)

ἔρχεται verb present middle indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "he comes"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

ἐμέ pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

Wednesday, December 1, 2010

John 6:44

οὐδεὶς δύναται ἐλθεῖν πρός με ἐὰν μὴ ὁ πατὴρ ὁ πέμψας με ἑλκύσῃ αὐτόν, κἀγὼ ἀναστήσω αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ.

Rough Word-by-word:
No one is able to come to me if not the father the one who sent me he might draw him, and I I will raise up him in the last day.

Smooth Translation:
No one is able to come to me unless the father who sent me draws him, and I myself will raise him up in the last day.


οὐδεὶς adjective nominative singular masculine "no one"

δύναται verb present indicative 3rd singular from δύναμαι (I am able) "he is able"

ἐλθεῖν verb present active infinitive from ἔρχομαι (I come) "to come"

πρός accusative preposition "to, toward"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

ἐὰν conditional particle "if"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πατὴρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πέμψας aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from πέμπω (I send) "who sent"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

ἑλκύσῃ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἕλκω (I draw) "he might draw"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

κἀγὼ compound conjunction and pronoun nominative 1st singular "and I"

ἀναστήσω verb present active subjunctive 1st singular from ἀνίστημι (I raise up) "I might raise up" or future active indicative 1st singular "I will raise up"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐσχάτῃ adjective dative singular feminine "last"

ἡμέρᾳ noun dative singular feminine "day"

Tuesday, November 30, 2010

John 6:43

ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· μὴ γογγύζετε μετ' ἀλλήλων.

Rough Word-by-word:
he answered Jesus and he said to them, "Not you murmur with one another."

Smooth Translation:
Jesus answered and said to them, "Do not murmur with one another."

ἀπεκρίθη verb aorist passive indicative 3rd singular from αποκρίνομαι (I answer) "he answered"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

καὶ conjunction "and"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative 3rd plural "to them"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

γογγύζετε verb present active imperative 2nd plural from γογγύζω (I murmur) "you all murmur"

μετ' preposition with genitive "with"

ἀλλήλων reflexive pronoun genitive plural masculine "one another"

Monday, November 29, 2010

John 6:42

καὶ ἔλεγον· οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς ὁ υἱὸς Ἰωσήφ, οὗ ἡμεῖς οἴδαμεν τὸν πατέρα καὶ τὴν μητέρα; πῶς νῦν λέγει οὗτος, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καταβέβηκα;

Rough Word-by-word:
and they were saying, "Not this is Jesus the son [of] Joseph, whom we we know the father and the mother? How now he says this, that from the heaven I have come down?"

Smooth Translation:
And they were saying, "Is not this Jesus the son of Joseph, of whom we ourselves know the father and mother? How now does he say this, that 'From heaven I have come down?'"

καὶ conjunction "and

ἔλεγον verb imperfect active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they were saying"

οὐχ adverb of negation "not"

οὗτός near demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

υἱὸς noun nominative singular masculine "son"

Ἰωσήφ proper noun genitive singular masculine "[of] Joseph"

οὗ relative pronoun genitive singular masculine "whom"

ἡμεῖς pronoun nominative 1st plural "we" (used for emphasis here)

οἴδαμεν verb perfect active indicative 1st plural from εἴδω (I know) "we know"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

πατέρα noun accusative singular masculine "father"

καὶ conjunction "and"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

μητέρα noun accusative singular feminine "mother"

πῶς adverb "how"

νῦν adverb "now"

λέγει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he says"

οὗτος demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

καταβέβηκα verb perfect active indicative 1st singular from καταβαίνω (I come down) "I have come down"

Tuesday, November 23, 2010

John 6:41

Ἐγόγγυζον οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι περὶ αὐτοῦ, ὅτι εἶπεν· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος ὁ καταβὰς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ,

Rough Word-by-word:
They were murmuring therefore the Jews about him, because he said, "I am the bread the one which came down from the heaven,"

Smooth Translation:
Therefore the Jews were murmuring about him, because he said, "I am the bread which came down from heaven,"

Ἐγόγγυζον verb imperfect active indicative 3rd plural from γογγύζω (I murmur) "they were murmuring"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

Ἰουδαῖοι adjective nominative plural masculine "Jews"

περὶ preposition with genitive "about"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "him"

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

ἐγώ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

εἰμι verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμι (I am) "I am"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

καταβὰς aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from καταβαίνω (I come down) "one which came down"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

Wednesday, November 10, 2010

Stay in your Greek

I will be gone until 11-22-2010.
I urge you to take your Greek Testament in hand each day and try to read at least one verse.

Ἡ χάρις μετὰ πάντων ὑμῶν. (Hebrews 13:25)

Monday, November 8, 2010

John 6:40

τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πατρός μου, ἵνα πᾶς ὁ θεωρῶν τὸν υἱὸν καὶ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον καὶ ἀναστήσω αὐτὸν ἐγὼ ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ

Rough Word-by-word:
This for is the will the of father of me, that all the one seeing the son and believing into him might have life eternal and I might raise him I in the last day.

Smooth Translation:
For this is the will of my father, that every one seeing the son and believing in him might have eternal life and I myself might raise him up in the last day. (or ...I myself will raise him up in the last day)


τοῦτο demonstrative pronoun nominative singular neuter "this"

γάρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it is"

τὸ definite article nominative singular neuter "the"

θέλημα noun nominative singular neuter "will"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

πατρός noun genitive singular masculine "[of] father"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "[of] me"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

πᾶς adjective nominative singular masculine "all, every"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

θεωρῶν present active participle nominative singular masculine from θεωρέω (I see) "one seeing, [he] one who sees"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

υἱὸν noun accusative singular masculine "son"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πιστεύω (I believe) "believing" (note the predicate position indicating a temporal component to this believing. It is when they are seeing that they are believing.)

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

ἔχῃ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he, she, it might have"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative singular feminine "eternal"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἀναστήσω verb aorist active subjunctive 1st singular from ἀνίστημι (I raise up) "I might raise up" or future active indicative 1st singular "I will raise up" (note: If subjunctive this continues the explanation of the will of the father. If future, it carries the idea of a promise. It seems to me both ideas are supported by other scriptures and one ought not be overly dogmatic with translation here.)

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

ἐγὼ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐσχάτῃ adjective dative singular feminine "last"

ἡμέρᾳ noun dative singular feminine "day"

Thursday, November 4, 2010

John 6:39

τοῦτο δέ ἐστιν τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πέμψαντός με, ἵνα πᾶν ὃ δέδωκέν μοι μὴ ἀπολέσω ἐξ αὐτοῦ, ἀλλὰ ἀναστήσω αὐτὸ ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ.

Rough Word-by-word:
this and is the will of the him who sent me, that all which he has given to me not I might lose from it, but I might raise up it in the last day.

Smooth Translation:
And this is the will of him who sent me, that I might not lose from all which he has given to me, but I might raise it up in the last day.

τοῦτο demonstrative pronoun nominative singular neuter "this"

δέ post positive conjunction "and"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it is"

τὸ definite article nominative singular neuter "the"

θέλημα noun nominative singular neuter "will"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "[of] the"

πέμψαντός aorist active participle genitive singular masculine from πέμπω (I send) "him who sent"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

πᾶν adjective nominative singular neuter "all"

relative pronoun nominative singular neuter "which" ( I am surprised to see the neuter, but Jesus will later tell the disciples, "All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me...," just before the Great Commission. I've just always thought of this verse as referring to the people who are Christ's. Certainly they are included in this neuter, but all creation is included as well.)

δέδωκέν verb perfect active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he has given"

μοι pronoun dative 1st singular "to me"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

ἀπολέσω verb aorist active subjunctive 1st singular from ἀπόλλυμι (I lose from) "I might lose from "

ἐξ genitive preposition "from, out of"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of it" (note: or "of him" I am wondering if the ξ in the preposition indicates the elision of a rough breathing which would seem to point back to either the relative pronoun or the demonstrative which started the verse. These are deep waters. May the Lord grant us grace and wisdom as we tread herein.)

ἀλλὰ strong adversative conjunction "but"

ἀναστήσω verb aorist active subjunctive 1st singular from ἀνίστημι (I raise up) "I might raise up" (note: perhaps a future active indicative "I will raise up") (I am looking at the elongated variable vowel and considering it a subjunctive, and it seems to complete the thought raised by the ἵνα.
I should note that most translations seem to take this as a future. Only Rogers and Rogers indicate aorist subjunctive - Of the commentators I checked.)

αὐτὸ pronoun accusative singular neuter "it"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐσχάτῃ adjective dative singular feminine "last"

ἡμέρᾳ noun dative singular feminine "day"

Tuesday, November 2, 2010

John 6:38

ὅτι καταβέβηκα ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ οὐχ ἵνα ποιήσω τὸ θέλημα τὸ ἐμὸν ἀλλὰ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πέμψαντός με·

Rough Word-by-word:
because I have come down from the heaven not that I might do the will the mine but the will [of] the him who sent me.

Smooth Translation:
Because I have come down from heaven not that I might do my own will, but the will of him who sent me.

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

καταβέβηκα verb perfect active indicative 1st singular from καταβαίνω (I come down) "I have come down"

ἀπὸ preposition with genitive "from"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

οὐχ adverb of negation "not"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

ποιήσω verb aorist active subjunctive 1st singular from ποιέω (I do) "I might do" (not present active - notice the sigma which I missed at my first glance)

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

θέλημα noun accusative singular neuter "will"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

ἐμὸν pronoun accusative singular neuter "my, mine"

ἀλλὰ strong adversative conjunction "but"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

θέλημα noun accusative singular neuter "will"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "[of] the"

πέμψαντός aorist active participle genitive singular masculine from πέμπω (I send) "him who sent"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

Monday, November 1, 2010

John 6:37

πᾶν ὃ δίδωσίν μοι ὁ πατὴρ πρὸς ἐμὲ ἥξει, καὶ τὸν ἐρχόμενον πρὸς ἐμὲ οὐ μὴ ἐκβάλω ἔξω,

Rough Word-by-word:
All whom he gives to me the father toward me he will have come, and the one coming toward me not not I might cast out away,

Smooth Translation:
Every one whom the father gives to me will have come toward me, and the one coming toward me never might I cast away,

Notes: I wonder if this text came up at the council of Dort. Certainly this verse speaks to both Calvinists and Armenians. We all must fall on our knees and beseech the Lord for wisdom, holding our views in sincere humility.

πᾶν
adjective accusative singular masculine "all"

relative pronoun accusative singular masculine "whom"

δίδωσίν verb present active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gives"

μοι pronoun dative 1st singular "to me"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πατὴρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

ἐμὲ pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

ἥξει verb future active indicative 3rd singular from ἥκω (I have come) "he will have come" (note: this verb carries the sense of already having arrived as opposed to ἔρχομαι which carries the sense of being in the process of coming. )

καὶ conjunction "and"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἐρχόμενον present middle participle accusative singular masculine from ἔρχομαι (I come) "one coming"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

ἐμὲ pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

οὐ indicative adverb of negation "not"

μὴ non-indicative adverb of negation "not"

ἐκβάλω verb aorist active subjunctive 1st singular from ἐκβάλλω (I throw out) "I might throw out"

ἔξω adverb "out, away"

Thursday, October 28, 2010

John 6:36

ἀλλ' εἶπον ὑμῖν ὅτι καὶ ἑωράκατέ καὶ οὐ πιστεύετε.

Rough Word-by-word:
but I said to you all that also you all have seen and not you all believe.

Smooth Translation:
but I said to you that you also have seen and you do not believe.

or

but I said [this] to you because you also have seen and do not believe.

Notes:
They have seen - note the perfect and yet they are not now believing - note the present.
I'm reminded of those at the end of John 9 that said they "saw."

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 1st singular from λέγω (I say) "I said"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you all"

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

καὶ conjunction "also" (adverbial use)

ἑωράκατέ verb perfect active indicative 2nd plural from ὁράω (I see) "you all have seen"

καὶ conjunction "and"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

πιστεύετε verb present active indicative 2nd plural from πιστεύω (I believe) "you all believe"

Wednesday, October 27, 2010

John 6:35

εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ἄρτος τῆς ζωῆς· ὁ ἐρχόμενος πρός ἐμὲ οὐ μὴ πεινάσῃ, καὶ ὁ πιστεύων εἰς ἐμὲ οὐ μὴ διψήσει πώποτε.

Rough Word-by-word:
he said therefore to them the Jesus, "I I am the bread the of life. The one who comes to me not not he might hunger, and the one who believes in me not not he will thirst anytime.

Smooth Translation:
Therefore Jesus said to them, "I myself am the bread of life. The one who comes to me never might hunger, and the one who believes in me will never thirst anytime.

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

ἐγώ pronoun nominative 1st singular "I"

εἰμι verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμί (I am) "I am"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

ζωῆς noun genitive singular feminine "of life"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἐρχόμενος present middle participle nominative singular masculine from ἔρχομαι (I come) "one who comes"

πρός accusative preposition "to, toward"

ἐμὲ pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

οὐ adverb of negation "not" (indicative)

μὴ adverb of negation "not" (non-indicative)

πεινάσῃ verb aorist active subjunctive 3rd singular from πεινάω (I hunger) "he might hunger"

καὶ conjunction "and"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πιστεύω (I believe) "one who believes"

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

ἐμὲ pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

οὐ adverb of negation "not" (indicative)

μὴ adverb of negation "not" (non-indicative)

διψήσει verb future active indicative 3rd singular from διψάω (I thirst) "he will thirst"

πώποτε adverb "anytime"

Tuesday, October 26, 2010

John 6:34

εἶπον οὖν πρὸς αὐτόν· κύριε, πάντοτε δὸς ἡμῖν τὸν ἄρτον τοῦτον.

Rough Word-by-word:
They said therefore to him, "Lord, always give to us the bread this."

Smooth Translation:
Therefore they said to him, "Lord, always give us this bread"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

κύριε noun vocative singular masculine "Lord"

πάντοτε adverb "always"

δὸς verb present active imperative 2nd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "you give"

ἡμῖν pronoun dative 1st plural "to us"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτον noun accusative singular masculine "bread"

τοῦτον demonstrative pronoun accusative singular masculine "this"

Sunday, October 24, 2010

John 6:33

ὁ γὰρ ἄρτος τοῦ θεοῦ ἐστιν ὁ καταβαίνων ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ζωὴν διδοὺς τῷ κόσμῳ.

Rough Word-by-word:
the for bread the of God is the one coming down from the heaven and life giving to the world.

Smooth Translation:
For the bread of God is the one coming down from heaven and giving life to the world.

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it [he] is"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

καταβαίνων present active participle nominative singular masculine from καταβαίνω (I come down) "one coming down"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "of heaven"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

διδοὺς present active participle nominative singular masculine from δίδωμι (I give) "giving"

τῷ definite article dative singular masculine "to the"

κόσμῳ noun dative singular masculine "world"

Thursday, October 21, 2010

John 6:32

εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἀμὴν ἀμὴν λέγω ὑμῖν, οὐ Μωϋσῆς δέδωκεν ὑμῖν τὸν ἄρτον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ἀλλ' ὁ πατήρ μου δίδωσιν ὑμῖν τὸν ἄρτον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τὸν ἀληθινόν.

Rough Word-by-word:
He said therefore to them the Jesus, "Amen Amen I say to you, not Moses has given to you the bread from the heaven, but the father of me he is giving to you the bread from the heaven the true."

Smooth Translation:
Therefore Jesus said to them, "Amen, Amen I say to you, Moses has not given you the bread from heaven, but my father is giving you the true bread from heaven."

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

ἀμὴν adverb "truly"

ἀμὴν adverb "truly"

λέγω verb present active indicative 1st singular from λέγω (I say) "I say"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

Μωϋσῆς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Moses"

δέδωκεν verb perfect active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he has given"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτον noun accusative singular masculine "bread"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πατήρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

δίδωσιν verb present active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gives, he is giving" (interesting use of the present by Jesus, here.)

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτον noun accusative singular masculine "bread"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἀληθινόν adjective accusative singular masculine "true"

Wednesday, October 20, 2010

John 6:31

οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν τὸ μάννα ἔφαγον ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, καθώς ἐστιν γεγραμμένον· ἄρτον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς φαγεῖν.

Rough Word-by-word:
the fathers of us the manna they ate in the desert, even as is having been written, "Bread from the heaven he gave to them to eat."

Smooth Translation:
Our fathers ate the manna in the desert, even as it written, "Bread from heaven he gave them to eat."

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

πατέρες noun nominative plural masculine "fathers"

ἡμῶν pronoun genitive 1st plural "of us"

τὸ definite article nominative singular neuter "the"

μάννα noun nominative singular neuter "manna"

ἔφαγον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from ἐσθίω (I eat) "they ate"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

ἐρήμῳ noun dative singular feminine "desert"

καθώς conjunction "even as"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it is"

γεγραμμένον perfect passive participle accusative singular neuter from γράφω (I write) "having been written"

ἄρτον noun accusative singular masculine "bread"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

ἔδωκεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gave"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

φαγεῖν verb aorist active infinitive from ἐσθίω (I eat) "to eat"

Tuesday, October 19, 2010

John 6:30

εἶπον οὖν αὐτῷ· τί οὖν ποιεῖς σὺ σημεῖον, ἵνα ἴδωμεν καὶ πιστεύσωμέν σοι; τί ἐργάζῃ;

Rough Word-by-word:
they said therefore to him, "What therefore are you doing you sign, that we might see and we might believe you? What are you working?"

Smooth Translation:
"Therefore they said to him, "What sign are you, yourself doing, that we might see and believe you? What are you working?"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative singular masculine "to him"

τί interrogative pronoun accusative singular neuter "what"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

ποιεῖς verb present active indicative 2nd singular from ποιέω (I do) "are you doing"

σὺ pronoun nominative 2nd singular "you" (used for emphasis here, "you, yourself")

σημεῖον noun accusative singular neuter "sign"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

ἴδωμεν verb aorist active subjunctive 1st plural from ὁράω (I see) "we might see"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πιστεύσωμέν verb aorist active subjunctive 1st plural from πιστεύω (I believe) "we might believe"

σοι pronoun dative 2nd singular "you"

τί interrogative pronoun accusative singular neuter "what"

ἐργάζῃ verb present middle indicative 2nd singular from ἐργάζομαι (I work) "you work"

Monday, October 18, 2010

John 6:29

ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· τοῦτό ἐστιν τὸ ἔργον τοῦ θεοῦ, ἵνα πιστεύητε εἰς ὃν ἀπέστειλεν ἐκεῖνος.

Rough Word-by-word:
answered Jesus and he said to them, "This is the work the of God, that you all might believe into whom he sent he."

Smooth Translation:
Jesus answered and said to them, "This is the work of God, that you might believe in whom he, himself sent."

Notes:
It seems the translations I've checked want to take ἐκεῖνος as an accusative and translate "that you might believe on him or that one whom he has sent." It could be that they are taking the masculine from the relative pronoun ὃν and translating it as "him whom," but then I don't know what they are doing with ἐκεῖνος unless they are ignoring it.

I'm taking it as a nominative being used for emphasis.

ἀπεκρίθη verb aorist passive indicative 3rd singular from ἀποκρίνομαι (I answer) "he answered"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

καὶ conjunction "and"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

τοῦτό demonstrative pronoun nominative singular neuter "this"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it is"

τὸ definite article nominative singular neuter "the"

ἔργον noun nominative singular neuter "work"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

πιστεύητε verb present active subjunctive 2nd plural from πιστεύω (I believe) "you all might believe"

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

ὃν relative pronoun accusative singular masculine "whom"

ἀπέστειλεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀποστέλλω (I send) "he sent"

ἐκεῖνος pronoun nominative singular masculine "he" (for emphasis)

Thursday, October 14, 2010

John 6:28

εἶπον οὖν πρὸς αὐτόν· τί ποιῶμεν ἵνα ἐργαζώμεθα τὰ ἔργα τοῦ θεοῦ;

Rough Word-by-word:
they said therefore to him, "What might we do that we might be working the works the of God?"

Smooth Translation:
Therefore they said to him, "What might we do that we might be working the works of God?"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they said"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to, toward"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

τί interrogative pronoun accusative singular neuter "what"

ποιῶμεν verb present active subjunctive 1st plural from ποιέω (I do) "might we do"

ἵνα conjunction with subjunctive "that"

ἐργαζώμεθα verb present middle subjunctive 1st plural from ἐργάζομαι (I work) "we might be working"

τὰ definite article accusative plural neuter "the"

ἔργα noun accusative plural neuter "works"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

Wednesday, October 13, 2010

John 6:27

ἐργάζεσθε μὴ τὴν βρῶσιν τὴν ἀπολλυμένην, ἀλλὰ τὴν βρῶσιν τὴν μένουσαν εἰς ζωὴν αἰώνιον, ἣν ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου δίδωσιν ὑμῖν· τοῦτον γὰρ ὁ πατὴρ ἐσφράγισεν, ὁ θεός.

Rough Word-by-word:
You all work not the food the being destroyed, but the food the remaining unto life eternal, which the son the of man he gives to you; this [man] for the father he sealed, the God.

Smooth Translation:
Do not work for the food being destroyed, but for the food remaining unto eternal life, which the Son of Man gives to you; for God the father sealed this man.

ἐργάζεσθε verb present middle imperative 2nd plural from ἐργάζομαι (I work) "you all work"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

βρῶσιν noun accusative singular feminine "food"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

ἀπολλυμένην present passive participle accusative singular feminine from ἀπόλλυμι (I destroy, I perish) "being destroyed, perishing"

ἀλλὰ strong adversative conjunction "but"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

βρῶσιν noun accusative singular feminine "food"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

μένουσαν present active participle accusative singular feminine from μένω (I remain) "remaining"

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative singular feminine "eternal"

ἣν relative pronoun accusative singular feminine "which"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

υἱὸς noun nominative singular masculine "son"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

ἀνθρώπου noun genitive singular masculine "of man"

δίδωσιν present active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gives"

ὑμῖν pronoun dative 2nd plural "to you"

τοῦτον demonstrative pronoun accusative singular masculine "this [man]"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πατὴρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

ἐσφράγισεν aorist active indicative 3rd singular from σφραγίζω (I seal) "he sealed"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

θεός proper noun nominative singular masculine "God"