Christmas Break

My time will be very limited over the next couple of weeks and so will probably not update this blog until after Christmas.

I urge everyone to keep in your Greek New Testament over the Christmas break.

I pray you will not only be blessed as you consider Christ's birth, but that you will be a blessing.

John 4:9

λέγει αὐτῷ ἡ γυνὴ ἡ Σαμαρῖτις· πῶς σὺ Ἰουδαῖος ὢν παρ' ἐμοῦ πεῖν αἰτεῖς γυναικὸς Σαμαρίτιδος οὔσης;

Rough Word-by-word:
She says to him the woman the Samaritan, "How you Jewish being to of me to drink you ask of a woman of a Samaritan who is being?"

Smooth Translation:
The Samaritan woman says to him, "How [do] you, being Jewish, of me, being a Samaritan woman, ask to drink?"

λέγει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "she said"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative singular masculine "to him"

ἡ definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

γυνὴ noun nominative singular feminine "woman"

ἡ definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

Σαμαρῖτις noun nominative singular feminine "Samaritan"

πῶς interrogative particle "how"

σὺ pronoun nominative 2nd singular "you"

Ἰουδαῖος adjective nominative singular masculine "Jewish"

ὢν present active participle nominative singular masculine from εἰμί (I am) "being"

παρ' preposition with genitive "to/toward"

ἐμοῦ personal pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

πεῖν aorist active infinitive from πίνω (I drink) "to drink"

αἰτεῖς verb present active indicative 2nd singular from αἰτέω (I ask) "you ask"

γυναικὸς noun genitive singular feminine "of [a] woman"

Σαμαρίτιδος noun genitive singular feminine "of [a]Samaritan"

οὔσης present active participle genitive singular feminine from εἰμί (I am) "who is being" (predicate position)

John 4:8

οἱ γὰρ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἀπεληλύθεισαν εἰς τὴν πόλιν, ἵνα τροφὰς ἀγοράσωσιν.

Rough Word-by-word:
the for disciples of him they had gone away into the city, that food they might buy.

Smooth Translation:
for his disciples had gone away into the city, that they might buy food.

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

μαθηταὶ noun nominative plural masculine "disciples"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

ἀπεληλύθεισαν pluperfect active indicative 3rd plural from ἀπέρχομαι (I go away) "they had gone away"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

πόλιν noun definite article accusative singular feminine "city"

ἵνα subjunctive conjunction "that"

τροφὰς noun accusative singular feminine "food/nourishment"

ἀγοράσωσιν verb aorist active subjunctive 3rd plural from ἀγοράζω ( I buy) "they might buy"

John 4:7

ἔρχεται γυνὴ ἐκ τῆς Σαμαρίας ἀντλῆσαι ὕδωρ. λέγει αὐτῇ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, δός μοι πεῖν·

Rough Word-by-word:
She is coming a woman from the Samaria to draw out water. He says to her the Jesus, "Give to me to drink."

Smooth Translation:
A woman from Samaria was coming to draw water. Jesus said to her, "Give to me to drink."
(note: I'm taking the presents as historic present and do using an English past tense in the translation.)

ἔρχεται verb present middle deponent 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "she is coming"

γυνὴ noun nominative singular feminine "[a] woman"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

Σαμαρίας proper noun genitive singular feminine "Samaria"

ἀντλῆσαι verb aorist active infinitive from ἀντλέω (I draw out) "to draw out"

ὕδωρ noun accusative neuter singular "water"

λέγει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he says"

αὐτῇ pronoun dative singular feminine "to her"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

δός verb aorist active imperative 2nd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "you give"

μοι pronoun dative 1st singular "to me"

πεῖν verb aorist active infinitive from πίνω (I drink) "to drink"

John 4:6

ἦν δὲ ἐκεῖ πηγὴ τοῦ Ἰακώβ. ὁ οὖν Ἰησοῦς κεκοπιακὼς ἐκ τῆς ὁδοιπορίας ἐκαθέζετο οὕτως ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ· ὥρα ἦν ὡς ἕκτη

Rough Word-by-word:
she was and there [the] spring the of Jacob. the therefore Jesus having been labored from the journey he was sitting down in this way by the spring. [the] hour was as six

Smooth Translation:
and the spring of Jacob was there. Therefore Jesus, having been labored from the journey, was sitting down in this way by the spring. The hour was about six. (note: the first hour being at six in the morning, makes the time here about noon.)

ἦν verb imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "she [it] was"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and"

ἐκεῖ adverb "there"

πηγὴ noun nominative singular feminine "spring"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

Ἰακώβ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of Jacob"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

κεκοπιακὼς perfect active participle nominative singular masculine from κοπιάω (I labor) "he having labored"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

ὁδοιπορίας noun genitive singular feminine "journey"

ἐκαθέζετο verb imperfect middle indicative deponent 3rd singular from καθέζομαι (I sit down) "he was sitting down"

οὕτως adverb "in this way" (note: not the demonstrative pronoun which would have a circumflex accent)

ἐπὶ preposition with dative "on/by"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

πηγῇ noun dative singular feminine "spring"

ὥρα noun nominative singular feminine "[the] hour"

ἦν verb imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "she [it] was"

ὡς adverb "as"

ἕκτη adjective nominative singular feminine "six"

John 4:5

ἔρχεται οὖν εἰς πόλιν τῆς Σαμαρίας λεγομένην Συχάρ, πλησίον τοῦ χωρίου ὃ ἔδωκεν Ἰακὼβ Ἰωσὴφ τῷ υἱῷ αὐτοῦ

Rough Word-by-word:
he came therefore into a city the of Samaria being called Sychar, near the field which he gave Jacob Joseph the son of him.

Smooth Translation:
Therefore he came to a city of Samaria called Sychar, near the field of Jacob which he gave to the son Joseph.

Notes:
It looks like αὐτοῦ is modifying χωρίου and not the dative υἱῷ. I expected "son" to be in the genitive and the translation to read "his son," but that is not what is here. Both names, Joseph and Jacob, are indeclinable so my parsing and placement are my best guess.

ἔρχεται verb present middle deponent indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "he came"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

πόλιν noun accusative singular feminine "city"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

Σαμαρίας proper noun genitive singular feminine "Samaria"

λεγομένην present passive participle accusative singular feminine from λέγω (I say) "being said/being called"

Συχάρ proper noun accusative singular feminine "Sychar"

πλησίον adverb "near"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

χωρίου noun genitive singular masculine "field"

ὃ relative pronoun accusative singular neuter "which"

ἔδωκεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gave"

Ἰακὼβ proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jacob"

Ἰωσὴφ proper noun dative singular masculine "Joseph"

τῷ definite article dative singular masculine "the"

υἱῷ noun dative singular masculine "son"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

John 4:4

ἔδει δὲ αὐτὸν διέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς Σαμαρίας [Σαμαρείας].

Rough Word-by-word:
It was necessary and him to go through through the Samaria.

Smooth Translation:
And it was necessary for him to go through Samaria.

ἔδει verb imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from δεῖ (It is necessary) "It was necessary"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and/but"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

διέρχεσθαι verb present middle deponent infinitive from διέρχομαι (I go through) "to go through"

διὰ preposition with genitive "through"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

Σαμαρίας proper noun genitive singular feminine "Samaria" (note: UBS has Σαμαρείας)

John 4:3

ἀφῆκεν τὴν Ἰουδαίαν καὶ ἀπῆλθεν πάλιν εἰς τὴν Γαλιλαίαν.

Rough Word-by-word:
He left the Judea and he departed again into the Galilee.

Smooth Translation:
He left Judea and departed again into Galilee.

ἀφῆκεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀφίημι (I leave) "he left"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

Ἰουδαίαν proper noun accusative singular feminine "Judea"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἀπῆλθεν verb aorist passive indicative 3rd singular from ἀπέρχομαι (I go from/I depart) "he departed"

πάλιν adverb "again"

εἰς accusative preposition "in/into"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

Γαλιλαίαν proper noun accusative singular feminine "Galilee"

John 4:2

καίτοιγε Ἰησοῦς αὐτὸς οὐκ ἐβάπτιζεν ἀλλ' οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ,

Rough Word-by-word:
and yet Jesus himself not he was baptizing but the disciples of him,

Smooth Translation:
And yet Jesus, himself, was not baptizing, but the disciples of him,

καίτοιγε conjunction "and yet/although"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

αὐτὸς pronoun nominative singular masculine "himself" (intensive use of the pronoun)

οὐκ adverb of negation "not"

ἐβάπτιζεν imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from βαπτίζω (I am baptizing) "he was baptizing"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

μαθηταὶ noun nominative plural masculine "disciples"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

John 4:1

Ὡς οὖν ἔγνω ὁ Ἰησοῦς ὅτι ἤκουσαν οἱ Φαρισαῖοι ὅτι Ἰησοῦς πλείονας μαθητὰς ποιεῖ καὶ βαπτίζει ἢ Ἰωάννης,

Rough Word-by-word:
as therefore he knew the Jesus that they heard the Pharisees that Jesus more disciples he makes and he is baptizing than John,

Smooth Translation:
Therefore as Jesus knew that the Pharisees heard that Jesus is making and baptizing more disciples than John,

Ὡς comparative particle "as"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

ἔγνω verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from (I know) "he knew"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

ὅτι conjunction "that/because"

ἤκουσαν aorist active indicative 3rd plural from (I hear) "they heard"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

Φαρισαῖοι proper noun nominative plural masculine "Pharisees"

ὅτι conjunction "that/because"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

πλείονας adjective accusative plural masculine "more"

μαθητὰς noun accusative plural masculine "disciples"

ποιεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from (I make) "he makes"

καὶ conjunction "and"

βαπτίζει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from (I baptize) "he is baptizing"

ἢ comparative particle "than"

Ἰωάννης proper noun nominative singular masculine "John"

John 3:36

ὁ πιστεύων εἰς τὸν υἱὸν ἔχει ζωὴν αἰώνιον· [δέ] ὁ ἀπειθῶν τῷ υἱῷ οὐκ ὄψεται ζωήν, ἀλλ' ἡ ὀργὴ τοῦ θεοῦ μένει ἐπ' αὐτόν,[.] UBS uses a period here.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one believing in the son he has life eternal. [, and] The one not persuaded to the son not will he see life, but the wrath the of God it [she] is remaining on him.

Smooth Translation:
The one believing in the son has eternal life. [, and] The one not believing the son will not see life, but the wrath of God is remaining on him.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

εἰς accusative preposition "in/ into"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

υἱὸν noun accusative singular masculine "son"

ἔχει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he has"

ζωὴν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative singular feminine from "eternal" (idiomatic)

δέ conjunction "and/but" (note: this conjunction is included in the UBS text)

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἀπειθῶν present active participle nominative singular masculine from ἀπειθέω (I do not believe) "one not believing" (literally "the one not being persuaded")

τῷ definite article dative singular masculine "the"

υἱῷ noun dative singular masculine "son"

οὐκ adverb of negation "not"

ὄψεται future middle indicative 3rd singular from ὁράω (I see) "he will see"

ζωήν noun accusative singular feminine "life"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

ἡ definite article nominative feminine singular "the"

ὀργὴ noun nominative feminine singular "wrath"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

μένει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from μένω (I remain) "it [she] is remaining"

ἐπ' preposition with accusative "on"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

John 3:35

ὁ πατὴρ ἀγαπᾷ τὸν υἱόν, καὶ πάντα δέδωκεν ἐν τῇ χειρὶ αὐτοῦ.

Rough Word-by-word:
The father loves the son, and all [things] he has given in the hand of him.

Smooth Translation:
The father loves the son, and he has given all [things] in his hand.

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

πατὴρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

ἀγαπᾷ present active indicative 3rd singular from ἀγαπάω (I love) "he loves"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

υἱόν noun accusative singular masculine "son"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πάντα adjective accusative plural neuter "all [things]"

δέδωκεν perfect active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he has given"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative singular feminine "the"

χειρὶ noun dative singular feminine "hand"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

John 3:34

ὃν γὰρ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ θεός, τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ θεοῦ λαλεῖ· οὐ γὰρ ἐκ μέτρου δίδωσιν τὸ πνεῦμα.

Rough Word-by-word:
whom for he sent the God, the words the of God he speaks. not for from a measure he gives the spirit.

Smooth Translation:
For whom God sent, he speaks the words of God. For he gives the spirit not from a measure.

Notes:
By my church there is a little store we go to that sells ice cream cones and they pack the cones with as much ice cream as the cone will hold. Sometimes it's spilling over. They don't use a measure to fill the cones. They just scoop it in until it won't hold any more. I think John is saying here that the way God gives the spirit is without measuring it out.

ὃν relative pronoun accusative singular masculine "whom"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἀπέστειλεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀποστέλλω (I send) "he sent"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

θεός proper noun nominative singular masculine "God"

τὰ definite article nominative plural neuter "the"

ῥήματα noun nominative plural neuter "words"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive singular masculine "of God"

λαλεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λαλέω (I speak) "he speaks"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

μέτρου noun genitive singular masculine "measure"

δίδωσιν verb present active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gives"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

πνεῦμα noun accusative singular neuter "spirit"

John 3:33

ὁ λαβὼν αὐτοῦ τὴν μαρτυρίαν ἐσφράγισεν ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἀληθής ἐστιν.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one who received of him the testimony he has acknowledged that the God true is.

Smooth Translation:
The one who received his testimony has acknowledged that God is true.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

λαβὼν aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from λαμβάνω (I receive) "one who received"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

μαρτυρίαν noun accusative singular feminine "testimony"

ἐσφράγισεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from σφραγίζω (I acknowledge) "he has acknowledged"

ὅτι conjunction "that"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

θεὸς proper noun nominative singular masculine "God"

ἀληθής adjective nominative singular masculine "true"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

John 3:32

ὃ ἑώρακεν καὶ ἤκουσεν μαρτυρεῖ, καὶ τὴν μαρτυρίαν αὐτοῦ οὐδεὶς λαμβάνει.

Rough Word-by-word:
what he has seen and he heard he testifies, and the testimony of him no one he receives.

Smooth Translation:
He testifies what he has seen and he heard, and no one receives his testimony.

ὃ relative pronoun accusative singular neuter "what"

ἑώρακεν perfect active indicative 3rd singular from ὁράω (I see) "he has seen"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἤκουσεν aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀκούω (I hear) "he heard"

μαρτυρεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from μαρτυρέω (I testify) "he testifies"

καὶ conjunction "and"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

μαρτυρίαν noun accusative singular feminine "testimony"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

οὐδεὶς adjective nominative singular masculine "no one"

λαμβάνει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λαμβάνω (I take/ I receive) "he receives"

John 3:31

ὁ ἄνωθεν ἐρχόμενος ἐπάνω πάντων ἐστίν· ὁ ὢν ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἐστιν καὶ ἐκ τῆς γῆς λαλεῖ. ὁ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐρχόμενος [ἐπάνω πάντων ἐστίν·]

Rough Word-by-word:
The [man] from above coming above all is. The one being from the earth from the earth is and from the earth he speaks. The [man] from the heaven coming above all is.

Smooth Translation:
The man coming from above is above all. The one being from the earth is from the earth and speaks from the earth. The man coming from heaven is above all.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the [man]"

ἄνωθεν adverb "from above"

ἐρχόμενος present passive deponent nominative singular masculine from ἔρχομαι (I come) "coming"

ἐπάνω adverb "over/above"

πάντων adjective genitive plural "all" (interesting that this could be all men, all women, or all things)

ἐστίν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ὢν present active participle nominative singular masculine from εἰμί (I am) "one being"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

γῆς noun genitive singular feminine "earth"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/ out of"

τῆς definite article genitive singular feminine "the"

γῆς noun genitive singular feminine "earth"

λαλεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from λαλέω (I speak) "he speaks"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the [man]"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/ out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

ἐρχόμενος present passive deponent nominative singular masculine from ἔρχομαι (I come) "coming"

ἐπάνω adverb "over/above"

πάντων adjective genitive plural "all"

ἐστίν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

John 3:30

ἐκεῖνον δεῖ αὐξάνειν, ἐμὲ δὲ ἐλαττοῦσθαι.

Rough Word-by-word:
that one he must to increase, me but to be made less important.

Smooth Translation:
Him, he must increase, but me be made less important.

Notes:
I found this construction difficult. I recognized the forms of the infinitives right away, but with no nominatives and only the verb δεῖ it was hard to put into English and include the accusatives.

ἐκεῖνον demonstrative accusative singular masculine "that one/ him"

δεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from δεῖ (must) "he must"

αὐξάνειν present active infinitive from αὐξάνω ( I grow/I increase) "to increase"

ἐμὲ pronoun 1st accusative singular "me"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and/but"

ἐλαττοῦσθαι present passive infinitive from ἐλαττόω (I make less important) "to be made less important"

John 3:29

ὁ ἔχων τὴν νύμφην νυμφίος ἐστίν· ὁ δὲ φίλος τοῦ νυμφίου, ὁ ἑστηκὼς καὶ ἀκούων αὐτοῦ, χαρᾷ χαίρει διὰ τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ νυμφίου. αὕτη οὖν ἡ χαρὰ ἡ ἐμὴ πεπλήρωται.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one having the bride bridegroom he is, but the friend the of bridegroom, the one having stood and hearing of him, for joy he rejoices for the sake of the voice the of bridegroom. This therefore the joy the my she has been filled.

Smooth Translation:
The one having the bride is [the] bridegroom, but the friend of the bridegroom, the one having stood and hearing of him, he rejoices for joy for the sake of the voice of the bridegroom. Therefore, this my joy has been filled.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἔχων present active participle nominative singular masculine from ἔχω (I have) "one having"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

νύμφην noun accusative singular feminine "bride"

νυμφίος noun nominative singular masculine "bridegroom"

ἐστίν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and/but"

φίλος adjective nominative singular masculine "friend"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

νυμφίου noun genitive singular masculine "of bridegroom"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἑστηκὼς perfect active participle nominative singular masculine from ἵστημι (I stand) "one having stood"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἀκούων present active participle nominative singular masculine from ἀκούω (I hear) "hearing" (I'm not really sure whether this should be considered attributive or predicate. Does the καὶ joining the two participles carry the adjectival use of the first to the second?)

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

χαρᾷ noun dative singular feminine "to joy/for joy"

χαίρει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from χαίρω (I rejoice) "he rejoices"

διὰ preposition with accusative "for the sake of"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

φωνὴν noun accusative singular feminine "sound/voice"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

νυμφίου noun genitive singular masculine "of bridegroom"

αὕτη demonstrative pronoun nominative singular feminine "this"

οὖν conjunction "then/therefore"

ἡ definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

χαρὰ noun nominative singular feminine "joy"

ἡ definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

ἐμὴ 1st person emphatic pronoun nominative singular feminine used adjectivally "my"

πεπλήρωται verb perfect passive indicative 3rd singular from πληρόω (I fill) "[she] it has been filled"

John 3:28

αὐτοὶ ὑμεῖς μοι μαρτυρεῖτε ὅτι εἶπον· οὐκ εἰμὶ ἐγὼ ὁ Χριστός, ἀλλ' ὅτι ἀπεσταλμένος εἰμὶ ἔμπροσθεν ἐκείνου.

Rough Word-by-word:
Yourselves you all to me you all witness that I said, "Not I am I the Christ, but that having been sent I am in front of him."

Smooth Translation:
You, yourselves, all witness to me that I said, "I myself am not the Christ, but that I have been sent in front of him."

αὐτοὶ intensive use of pronoun nominative plural masculine "yourselves"

ὑμεῖς pronoun nominative 2nd plural "you all"

μοι pronoun dative 1st singular "to me"

μαρτυρεῖτε verb present active indicative 2nd plural from μαρτυρέω (I testify/I witness) "you all witness"

ὅτι conjunction "that"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 1st singular from λέγω (I say) "I said"

οὐκ adverb of negation "not"

εἰμὶ verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμί (I am) "I am"

ἐγὼ pronoun 1st singular "I"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Χριστός proper noun nominative singular masculine "Christ"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

ὅτι conjunction "that"

ἀπεσταλμένος verb perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine from ἀποστέλλω (I send) "having been sent"

εἰμὶ verb present indicative 1st singular from εἰμί (I am) "I am"

ἔμπροσθεν genitive preposition "before/in front of"

ἐκείνου demonstrative pronoun genitive singular masculine "of that one [man]/of him"

John 3:27

ἀπεκρίθη Ἰωάννης καὶ εἶπεν· οὐ δύναται ἄνθρωπος λαμβάνειν οὐδέν ἐὰν μὴ ᾖ δεδομένον αὐτῷ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ.

Rough Word-by-word:
answered John and he said, "Not he is able man to receive not anything if not it might be it had been given to him out of heaven."

Smooth Translation:
John answered and said, "Man is not able to receive anything if it had not been given to him out of heaven."

ἀπεκρίθη verb aorist passive 3rd singular from ἀποκρίνομαι (I answer) "he answered"

Ἰωάννης proper noun nominative singular masculine "John"

καὶ conjunction "and"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

δύναται verb present passive deponent indicative 3rd singular from δύναμαι (I am able) "he is able"

ἄνθρωπος noun nominative singular masculine "man"

λαμβάνειν verb present active infinitive from λαμβάνω (I take/I receive) "to receive"

οὐδέν adjective accusative singular neuter "not any[thing]"

ἐὰν conditional particle "if"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

ᾖ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "it might be"

δεδομένον perfect passive participle nominative singular neuter from δίδωμι (I give) "it had been given"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative singular masculine "to him"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

John 3:26

καὶ ἦλθον πρὸς τὸν Ἰωάννην καὶ εἶπον αὐτῷ· ῥαββεί, ὃς ἦν μετὰ σοῦ πέραν τοῦ Ἰορδάνου, ᾧ σὺ μεμαρτύρηκας, ἴδε οὗτος βαπτίζει καὶ πάντες ἔρχονται πρὸς αὐτόν.

Rough Word-by-word:
and they came to the John and they said to him, "Rabbi, who was with you beyond the Jordan, to whom you had testified, look this one he is baptizing and all they are going to him."

Smooth Translation:
and they came to John and said to him, "Rabbi, he who was with you beyond the Jordan, to whom you testified, look he is baptizing and all are going to him."

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἦλθον verb aorist indicative 3rd plural from ἔρχομαι (I come/I go) "they came"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to/toward"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

Ἰωάννην proper noun accusative singular masculine "John"

καὶ conjunction "and"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they said"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative singular masculine "to him"

ῥαββεί noun vocative singular masculine "Rabbi"

ὃς relative pronoun nominative singular masculine "he who"

ἦν verb imperfect indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he was"

μετὰ preposition with genitive "with"

σοῦ pronoun genitive 2nd singular "you"

πέραν adverb "beyond"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

Ἰορδάνου proper noun genitive singular masculine "Jordan"

ᾧ relative pronoun dative singular "to whom"

σὺ pronoun nominative 2nd singular "you"

μεμαρτύρηκας perfect active indicative 2nd singular from μαρτυρέω (I witness/ I testify) "you had testified"

ἴδε verb aorist imperative 2nd singular from ὁράω (I see/I look) "look"

οὗτος demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this one/he"

βαπτίζει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from βαπτίζω (I baptize) "he is baptizing"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πάντες adjective nominative plural masculine "all"

ἔρχονται present passive deponent indicative 3rd plural from ἔρχομαι (I come/I go) "they are going"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to/toward"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

John 3:25

ἐγένετο οὖν ζήτησις ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν Ἰωάννου μετὰ Ἰουδαίου περὶ καθαρισμοῦ.

Rough Word-by-word:
it came to be then a question from the disciples of John with a Jew concerning cleansing.

Smooth Translation:
Then there came a question from the disciples of John with a Jew concerning cleansing.

ἐγένετο verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from γίνομαι (I become) "it came to be"

οὖν conjunction "then"

ζήτησις noun nominative singular feminine "a question"

ἐκ genitive preposition "from/out of"

τῶν definite article genitive plural masculine "the"

μαθητῶν noun genitive plural masculine "disciples"

Ἰωάννου proper noun genitive singular masculine "of John"

μετὰ preposition with genitive "with"

Ἰουδαίου proper noun genitive singular masculine "a Jew"

περὶ preposition with genitive "concerning"

καθαρισμοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "cleansing"

John 3:24

οὔπω γὰρ ἦν βεβλημένος εἰς τὴν φυλακὴν Ἰωάννης.

Rough Word-by-word:
not yet for he was he had been thrown into the prison John.

Smooth Translation:
for John had not yet been thrown into the prison.

οὔπω adverb "not yet"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἦν verb imperfect indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he was"

βεβλημένος perfect passive participle nominative singular masculine from βάλλω (I throw) "he had been thrown"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

φυλακὴν noun accusative singular feminine "prison"

Ἰωάννης proper noun nominative singular masculine "John"

John 3:23

ἦν δὲ καὶ Ἰωάννης βαπτίζων ἐν Αἰνὼν ἐγγὺς τοῦ Σαλείμ, ὅτι ὕδατα πολλὰ ἦν ἐκεῖ, καὶ παρεγίνοντο καὶ ἐβαπτίζοντο·

Rough Word-by-word:
he was and also John was baptizing in Aenon near the of Salem, because waters many [was] were there, and they were coming and they were being baptized.

Smooth Translation:
John was baptizing also in Aenon near Salem, because many waters were there, and they were coming and being baptized.

ἦν verb imperfect indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he was"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and/but"

καὶ conjunction used as an adverb "also"

Ἰωάννης proper noun nominative singular masculine "John"

βαπτίζων present active participle nominative singular masculine from βαπτίζω (I baptize) "was baptizing" (adverbial use of the participle translated as at the same time as the main verb)

ἐν dative preposition "in"

Αἰνὼν proper noun dative singular feminine "Aenon" (indeclinable)

ἐγγὺς adverb "near"

τοῦ definite article genitive singular masculine "the"

Σαλείμ proper noun genitive singular neuter "Salem"

ὅτι conjunction "that/because"

ὕδατα noun nominative plural neuter "waters"

πολλὰ adjective nominative plural neuter "much/many"

ἦν verb imperfect indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[it was] they were"

ἐκεῖ adverb "there"

καὶ conjunction "and"

παρεγίνοντο imperfect passive deponent indicative 3rd plural from παραγίνομαι (I come/I arrive/I appear) "they were coming" (compound - literally "to become by or near")

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἐβαπτίζοντο imperfect passive indicative 3rd plural from βαπτίζω (I baptize) "they were being baptized"

John 3:22

Μετὰ ταῦτα ἦλθεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν Ἰουδαίαν γῆν, καὶ ἐκεῖ διέτριβεν μετ' αὐτῶν καὶ ἐβάπτιζεν.

Rough Word-by-word:
After these things he came the Jesus and the disciples of him into the Judea land, and there he was staying with them and he was baptizing.

Smooth Translation:
After these things Jesus came and his disciples into the land of Judea, and there he was staying with them and baptizing.

Μετὰ preposition with accusative "after"

ταῦτα demonstrative pronoun accusative plural neuter "these [things]"

ἦλθεν verb aorist indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "he came"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

καὶ conjunction "and"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

μαθηταὶ noun nominative plural masculine "disciples"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

Ἰουδαίαν adjective accusative singular feminine "Judea"

γῆν noun accusative singular feminine "earth/land"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἐκεῖ adverb "there/in that place"

διέτριβεν verb imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from διατρίβω (I remain/I stay) "he was staying" (literally "wearing through time")

μετ' preposition with genitive "with"

αὐτῶν pronoun genitive plural masculine "them"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἐβάπτιζεν verb imperfect active indicative 3rd singular from βαπτίζω (I baptize) "he was baptizing"

John 3:21

ὁ δὲ ποιῶν τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἔρχεται πρὸς τὸ φῶς, ἵνα φανερωθῇ αὐτοῦ τὰ ἔργα, ὅτι ἐν θεῷ ἐστιν εἰργασμένα.

Rough Word-by-word:
the but one doing the truth he comes to the light, that it might be revealed of him the works, that in God is it brought about.

Smooth Translation:
but the one doing the truth comes to the light, that his works might be revealed, that in God they are brought about.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and/but"

ποιῶν present active participle nominative masculine singular from ποιέω (I do) "one doing/one who is doing"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

ἀλήθειαν noun accusative singular feminine "truth"

ἔρχεται present middle deponent indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "he comes"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to/toward"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

φῶς noun accusative singular neuter "light"

ἵνα subjunctive conjunction "that"

φανερωθῇ present active subjunctive 3rd singular from φανερόω (I reveal) "[it] they might be revealed"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

τὰ definite article accusative plural neuter "the"

ἔργα noun accusative plural neuter "works"

ὅτι conjunction "that"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

θεῷ proper noun dative singular masculine "God"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[it] they are"

εἰργασμένα perfect passive participle nominative plural neuter from ἐργάζομαι (I do/I bring about/I perform) "[it has] they have been brought about"

John 3:20

πᾶς γὰρ ὁ φαῦλα πράσσων μισεῖ τὸ φῶς καὶ οὐκ ἔρχεται πρὸς τὸ φῶς, ἵνα μὴ ἐλεγχθῇ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ·

Rough Word-by-word:
every for the evils one doing he hates the light and not he comes to the light, that not [it] they might be shown at fault the works of him.

Smooth Translation:
For every one doing evils hates the light and does not come to the light, that his works might not be shown at fault.

πᾶς adjective nominative masculine singular "all/every"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

φαῦλα adjective accusative plural neuter "evils"

πράσσων present active participle nominative masculine singular from πράσσω (I do/I practice) "one doing"

μισεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from μισέω (I hate) "he is hating"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

φῶς noun accusative singular neuter "light"

καὶ conjunction "and"

οὐκ adverb of negation "not"

ἔρχεται present passive deponent indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come) "he comes"

πρὸς accusative preposition "to/toward"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

φῶς noun accusative singular neuter "light"

ἵνα subjunctive conjunction "that"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

ἐλεγχθῇ verb aorist passive subjunctive 3rd singular from ἐλέγχω (I show fault/I reprove) "[it] they might be shown at fault" (singular verb with plural neuter noun)

τὰ definite article accusative plural neuter "the"

ἔργα noun accusative plural neuter "works"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive masculine singular "of him"

John 3:19

αὕτη δέ ἐστιν ἡ κρίσις, ὅτι τὸ φῶς ἐλήλυθεν εἰς τὸν κόσμον καὶ ἠγάπησαν οἱ ἄνθρωποι μᾶλλον τὸ σκότος ἢ τὸ φῶς· ἦν γὰρ αὐτῶν πονηρὰ τὰ ἔργα.

Rough Word-by-word:
this and is the judgment, that the light has gone into the world and loved the men more the darkness than the light; was for of them evil the works.

Smooth Translation:
And this is the judgment, that the light has gone into the world and the men loved the darkness more than the light; because their works were evil.

αὕτη demonstrative pronoun nominative feminine singular "this"

δέ post positive conjunction "and/but"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from (I am) "she [it] is"

ἡ definite article nominative feminine singular "the"

κρίσις noun nominative feminine singular "judgment"

ὅτι conjunction "that/because"

τὸ definite article nominative neuter singular "the"

φῶς noun nominative neuter singular "light"

ἐλήλυθεν perfect active indicative 3rd singular from ἔρχομαι (I come/I go) "has gone"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

κόσμον noun accusative masculine singular "world"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἠγάπησαν verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from (I love) "they loved"

οἱ definite article nominative masculine plural "the"

ἄνθρωποι noun nominative masculine plural "men"

μᾶλλον adverb "more/rather"

τὸ definite article nominative neuter singular "the"

σκότος noun nominative neuter singular "darkness"

ἢ particle "either/or/than"

τὸ definite article nominative neuter singular "the"

φῶς noun nominative neuter singular "light"

ἦν verb imperfect indicative 3rd singular from (I am) "it was" (singular verb with plural neuter noun)

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

αὐτῶν pronoun genitive masculine plural "of them"

πονηρὰ adjective nominative neuter plural "evil"

τὰ definite article nominative neuter plural "the"

ἔργα noun nominative neuter plural "works"

John 3:18

ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν οὐ κρίνεται· ὁ μὴ πιστεύων ἤδη κέκριται, ὅτι μὴ πεπίστευκεν εἰς τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ μονογενοῦς υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one believing into him not is being judged; the not one believing already has been judged, because not he has believed into the name the only born son the of God.

Smooth Translation:
The one believing in him is not being judged; the one not believing has already been judged, because he has not believed in the name of the only born son of God.

Notes:
Notice the passives and the perfects in this verse and "faith" as a verb...
Judgment is passive while belief or faith is active.
There are "believers," "not believers," and those who "have not believed."
There are "those not being judged" and "those who have already been judged."

Judgment is already determined for those who have determined to not believe, but there is an active ongoing negation of judgment for those who believe.

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative masculine singular from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative masculine singular "him"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

κρίνεται verb present passive indicative 3rd singular from κρίνω (I judge) "is being judged"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative masculine singular from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

ἤδη adverb "already"

κέκριται perfect passive indicative 3rd singular from κρίνω (I judge) "he has been judged"

ὅτι conjunction "because"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

πεπίστευκεν verb perfect active indicative 3rd singular from πιστεύω (I believe) "he has believed"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὸ definite article accusative neuter singular "the"

ὄνομα noun accusative neuter singular "name"

τοῦ definite article genitive masculine singular "the"

μονογενοῦς adjective genitive masculine singular "only born"

υἱοῦ noun genitive masculine singular "son"

τοῦ definite article genitive masculine singular "the"

θεοῦ proper noun genitive masculine singular "of God"

John 3:17

οὐ γὰρ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν υἱὸν εἰς τὸν κόσμον ἵνα κρίνῃ τὸν κόσμον, ἀλλ' ἵνα σωθῇ ὁ κόσμος δι' αὐτοῦ.

Rough Word-by-word:
not for he sent the God the son into the world that he might judge the world, but that he might be saved the world through him.

Smooth Translation:
For God did not send the son into the world that he might judge the world, but that the world might be saved through him.

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἀπέστειλεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀποστέλλω (I send) "he sent"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

θεὸς proper noun nominative masculine singular "God"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

υἱὸν noun accusative masculine singular "son"

εἰς accusative preposition "into/unto"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

κόσμον noun accusative masculine singular "world"

ἵνα conjunction signaling the subjunctive "that"

κρίνῃ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from κρίνω (I judge) "he might judge"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

κόσμον noun accusative masculine singular "world"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

ἵνα conjunction signaling subjunctive "that"

σωθῇ verb aorist passive subjunctive 3rd singular from σώζω (I save) "it [he] might be saved"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

κόσμος noun nominative masculine singular "world"

δι' preposition with genitive "through/by means of"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive masculine singular "of him"

John 3:16

οὕτως γὰρ ἠγάπησεν ὁ θεὸς τὸν κόσμον, ὥστε τὸν υἱὸν τὸν μονογενῆ ἔδωκεν, ἵνα πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων εἰς αὐτὸν μὴ ἀπόληται ἀλλ' ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον.

Rough Word-by-word:
As this for loved the God the world, so that the son the one born he gave, that every the one believing into him not may perish but he may have life eternal.

Smooth Translation:
For so loved God the world, that he gave the one born son, that every one believing in him may not perish but may have eternal life.

Notes:
It is hard to give a translation other than the familiar one here because this is such a well known verse.

There are theological implications for how we translate μονογενῆ so I chose to use a literal rendering of the compounds. This may be an idiomatic word. I really don't know. The gloss in the UBS 4 lexicon is "only, unique."

The οὕτως ἠγάπησεν "so loved" seems to indicate the how of God's love, not necessarily the degree, even though the degree is extreme and is certainly implied.

οὕτως compound adverb "as this/so"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἠγάπησεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀγαπάω (I love) "he loved"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

θεὸς proper noun nominative masculine singular "God"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

κόσμον noun accusative masculine singular "world"

ὥστε conjunction "so that"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

υἱὸν noun accusative masculine singular "son"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

μονογενῆ substantive adjective accusative masculine singular "one born/only/unique"

ἔδωκεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from δίδωμι (I give) "he gave"

ἵνα conjunction signaling the subjunctive "that"

πᾶς adjective nominative masculine singular "all/every"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative masculine singular from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

εἰς accusative preposition "into"

αὐτὸν pronoun accusative masculine singular "him"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

ἀπόληται verb aorist middle subjunctive 3rd singular from ἀπόλλυμι (I perish) "he may perish"

ἀλλ' strong adversative conjunction "but"

ἔχῃ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he may have"

ζωὴν noun accusative feminine singular "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative feminine singular "eternal"

John 3:15

ἵνα πᾶς ὁ πιστεύων ἐν αὐτῷ ἔχῃ ζωὴν αἰώνιον.

Rough Word-by-word:
that every the one believing in to him he might have life eternal.

Smooth Translation:
that every one believing in him might have eternal life.

ἵνα conjunction signaling the subjunctive "that"

πᾶς adjective nominative masculine singular "all/every"

ὁ definite article nominative masculine singular "the"

πιστεύων present active participle nominative masculine singular from πιστεύω (I believe) "one believing"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative masculine singular "to him"

ἔχῃ verb present active subjunctive 3rd singular from ἔχω (I have) "he might have"

ζωὴν noun accusative feminine singular "life"

αἰώνιον adjective accusative feminine singular "eternal" (idiomatic)

John 3:14

καὶ καθὼς Μωϋσῆς ὕψωσεν τὸν ὄφιν ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ, οὕτως ὑψωθῆναι δεῖ τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου,

Rough Word-by-word:
And also as Moses he lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, as this to be lifted up must the son the of man,

Smooth Translation:
And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, so must the son of man be lifted up,

καὶ conjunction "and"

καθὼς compound adverb "also as"

Μωϋσῆς proper noun nominative masculine singular "Moses" (indeclinable)

ὕψωσεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ὑψόω (I lift up) "he lifted up"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

ὄφιν noun accusative masculine singular "serpent"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

τῇ definite article dative feminine singular "the"

ἐρήμῳ substantive adjective dative feminine singular "wilderness"

οὕτως compound adverb "as this"

ὑψωθῆναι verb aorist passive infinitive from ὑψόω (I lift up) "to be lifted up"

δεῖ verb present active indicative 3rd singular from δεῖ (must) "must"

τὸν definite article accusative masculine singular "the"

υἱὸν noun accusative masculine singular "son"

τοῦ definite article genitive masculine singular "the"

ἀνθρώπου noun genitive masculine singular "of man"