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Thursday, January 20, 2011

John 6:64

ἀλλ' εἰσὶν ἐξ ὑμῶν τινες οἳ οὐ πιστεύουσιν. ᾔδει γὰρ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ὁ Ἰησοῦς τίνες εἰσὶν οἱ μὴ πιστεύοντες καὶ τίς ἐστιν ὁ παραδώσων αὐτόν.

Rough Word-by-word:
but they are from you all ones who not they believe. He had known for from [the] beginning the Jesus ones they are who not ones believing and one he is the one who will betray him.

Smooth Translation:
"but there are from you ones who do not believe." For Jesus had known from the beginning who the ones who did not believe were and who was the one who would betray him.

Notes:
The pluperfect causes the English translation to take the past tense for some of the following verbs. In a sense these are "historic presents" anyway as John draws us into the context with this editorial comment.

We still must see the theological implications in ἐξ ἀρχῆς and tremble. Even if we say, "From the beginning of His choosing His Apostles," we are left with an awareness of our own transparency before the eyes of our Lord.

ἀλλ' conjunction "but"

εἰσὶν verb present indicative 3rd plural from εἰμί (I am) "they are"

ἐξ genitive preposition "from, out of" (notice the contraction due to the rough breathing which follows)

ὑμῶν pronoun genitive 2nd plural "you all"

τινες pronoun nominative plural masculine "ones"

οἳ relative pronoun nominative plural masculine "who"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

πιστεύουσιν verb present active indicative 3rd plural from πιστεύω (I believe) "they believe"

ᾔδει verb pluperfect active indicative 3rd singular from οῖδα (I know) "he had known"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

ἐξ genitive preposition "from, out of"

ἀρχῆς noun genitive singular feminine "[the] beginning"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

τίνες pronoun nominative plural masculine "ones"

εἰσὶν verb present indicative 3rd plural from εἰμί (I am) "they are"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

μὴ adverb of negation "not"

πιστεύοντες present active participle nominative plural masculine from πιστεύω (I believe) "ones believing"

καὶ conjunction "and"

τίς pronoun nominative singular masculine "one"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "he is"

definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

παραδώσων future active participle nominative singular masculine from παραδίδωμι (I give over, I betray) "one who will betray"

αὐτόν pronoun accusative singular masculine "him"

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