John 6:61

εἰδὼς δὲ ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἐν ἑαυτῷ ὅτι γογγύζουσιν περὶ τούτου οἱ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς· τοῦτο ὑμᾶς σκανδαλίζει;

Rough Word-by-word:
having known and the Jesus in himself that they are murmuring concerning this the disciples of him he said to them, "This you all it offends?"

Smooth Translation:
And Jesus, knowing in himself that his disciples were murmuring concerning this, said to them, "Does this offend you?"

εἰδὼς perfect active participle nominative singular masculine from εἴδω (I see, I know) "he having known"

δὲ post positive conjunction "and"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

Ἰησοῦς proper noun nominative singular masculine "Jesus"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

ἑαυτῷ reflexive pronoun dative singular masculine "himself"

ὅτι conjunction "that, because"

γογγύζουσιν verb present active indicative 3rd plural from γογγύζω (I murmur) "they are murmuring

περὶ preposition with genitive "concerning, about"

τούτου demonstrative pronoun genitive singular masculine "this [him]" (this "word" - masculine)

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

μαθηταὶ noun nominative plural masculine "disciples"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

αὐτοῖς pronoun dative plural masculine "to them"

τοῦτο demonstrative pronoun nominative singular neuter "this"

ὑμᾶς pronoun accusative 2nd plural "you all"

σκανδαλίζει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from σκανδαλίζω (I offend) "it offends"

John 6:60

Πολλοὶ οὖν ἀκούσαντες ἐκ τῶν μαθητῶν αὐτοῦ εἶπον· σκληρός ἐστιν ὁ λόγος οὗτος· τίς δύναται αὐτοῦ ἀκούειν;

Rough Word-by-word:
many therefore when they heard from the disciples of him said, "Hard it is the word this. Anyone he is able him to hear?"

Smooth Translation:
Therefore many of his disciples,when they heard, said, "This word is hard. Is anyone able to hear him?"

Πολλοὶ adjective nominative plural masculine "many"

οὖν post positive conjunction "therefore"

ἀκούσαντες aorist active participle nominative plural masculine from ἀκούω (I hear) "when they heard" (predicate use - temporal clause)

ἐκ genitive preposition "from, out of"

τῶν definite article genitive plural masculine "the"

μαθητῶν noun genitive plural masculine "disciples"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "of him"

εἶπον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from λέγω (I say) "they said"

σκληρός adjective nominative singular masculine "hard"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[he] it is"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

λόγος noun nominative singular masculine "word"

οὗτος demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

τίς pronoun nominative singular masculine "anyone"

δύναται verb present passive indicative 3rd singular from δύναμαι (I can, I am able) "he is able"

αὐτοῦ pronoun genitive singular masculine "him"

ἀκούειν verb present active infinitive from ἀκούω (I hear) "to hear"

John 6:59

ταῦτα εἶπεν ἐν συναγωγῇ διδάσκων ἐν Καφαρναούμ.

Rough Word-by-word:
These [things] he said in [the] synagogue while teaching in Capernaum.

Smooth Translation:
He said these things in the synagogue while teaching in Capernaum.

ταῦτα demonstrative pronoun nominative plural neuter "these [things]"

εἶπεν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from λέγω (I say) "he said"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

συναγωγῇ noun dative singular feminine "[the] synagogue"

διδάσκων present active participle nominative singular masculine from διδάσκω (I teach) "while teaching" (note predicate position of the participle - translate with a temporal clause"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

Καφαρναούμ proper noun dative singular feminine "Capernaum"

John 6:58

οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ ἄρτος ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καταβάς, οὐ καθὼς ἔφαγον οἱ πατέρες καὶ ἀπέθανον· ὁ τρώγων τοῦτον τὸν ἄρτον ζήσει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα.

Rough Word-by-word:
This is the bread the out of heaven having come down, not also as they ate the fathers and they died away. The one eating this the bread he will live into the age.

Smooth Translation:
This is the bread that has come down from heaven, not as the fathers ate and died away. The one eating this bread will live forever.

οὗτός demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "this"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[he] it is"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτος noun nominative singular masculine "bread"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ἐξ genitive preposition "from, out of"

οὐρανοῦ noun genitive singular masculine "heaven"

καταβάς aorist active participle nominative singular masculine from καταβαίνω (I come down) "having come down"

οὐ adverb of negation "not"

καθὼς compound conjunction and adverb "also as"

ἔφαγον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from ἐσθίω (I eat) "they ate"

οἱ definite article nominative plural masculine "the"

πατέρες noun nominative plural masculine "fathers"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ἀπέθανον verb aorist active indicative 3rd plural from ἀποθνήσκω (I die away) "they died away"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

τρώγων present active participle nominative singular masculine from τρώγω (I eat) "one eating"

τοῦτον demonstrative pronoun accusative singular masculine "this"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

ἄρτον noun accusative singular masculine "bread"

ζήσει verb future active indicative 3rd singular from ζάω (I live) "he will live"

εἰς accusative preposition "into, unto"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

αἰῶνα noun accusative singular masculine "age" (note: εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα is idiomatic - "forever")

John 6:57

καθὼς ἀπέστειλέν με ὁ ζῶν πατὴρ κἀγὼ ζῶ διὰ τὸν πατέρα, καὶ ὁ τρώγων με κἀκεῖνος ζήσει δι' ἐμέ.

Rough Word-by-word:
And as he has sent me the living father also I live for the sake of the father, and the one eating me also this one he will live for the sake of me.

Smooth Translation:
And as the living father sent me, I also live for the sake of the father, and the one who eats me, this one will also live for the sake of me.

Notes:
The implications of the accusative use of the preposition διὰ carry some significance. This is not the genitive use indicating agency ("through," or "by means of"), but rather the accusative, as B. F. Wescott puts it,"describing the ground or object." Some translations render this "for," "by," or "because of."

Jesus is saying here that those who take him into themselves for sustenance will (note the force of the future verb) live for him. As Dr. Gary Staats often says, "If there's fire in the fireplace there ought to be smoke coming out of the chimney."

καθὼς compound conjunction with adverb "and as" or "even as"

ἀπέστειλέν verb aorist active indicative 3rd singular from ἀποστέλλω (I send) "he has sent"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

ζῶν present active participle nominative singular masculine from ζάω (I live) "one living"

πατὴρ noun nominative singular masculine "father"

κἀγὼ compound correlating conjunction with pronoun nominative 1st singular "also I"

ζῶ verb present active indicative 1st singular from ζάω (I live) "I live" (note: I don't know why the contraction of ζάω here)

διὰ preposition with accusative "for the sake of"

τὸν definite article accusative singular masculine "the"

πατέρα noun accusative singular masculine "father"

καὶ conjunction "and"

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

τρώγων present active participle nominative singular masculine from τρώγω (I eat) "one eating"

με pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

κἀκεῖνος compound conjunction and demonstrative pronoun nominative singular masculine "and this one"

ζήσει verb future active indicative 3rd singular from ζάω (I live) "he will live"

δι' preposition with accusative "for the sake of"

ἐμέ emphatic pronoun accusative 1st singular "me"

John 6:56

ὁ τρώγων μου τὴν σάρκα καὶ πίνων μου τὸ αἷμα ἐν ἐμοὶ μένει κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ.

Rough Word-by-word:
The one eating of me the flesh and drinking of me the blood in me he remains and I in him.

Smooth Translation:
The one eating my flesh and drinking my blood remains in me and I in him.

ὁ definite article nominative singular masculine "the"

τρώγων present active participle nominative singular masculine from τρώγω (I eat) "one eating"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

τὴν definite article accusative singular feminine "the"

σάρκα noun accusative singular feminine "flesh"

καὶ conjunction "and"

πίνων present active participle nominative singular masculine from πίνω (I drink) "drinking"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

τὸ definite article accusative singular neuter "the"

αἷμα noun accusative singular neuter "blood"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

ἐμοὶ pronoun dative 1st singular "me"

μένει verb present active indicative 3rd singular from μένω (I remain) "he remains"

κἀγὼ compound conjunction and 1st person pronoun nominative singular masculine "and I"

ἐν dative preposition "in"

αὐτῷ pronoun dative singular masculine "him"

John 6:55

ἡ γὰρ σάρξ μου ἀληθής ἐστιν βρῶσις, καὶ τὸ αἷμά μου ἀληθής ἐστιν πόσις.

Rough Word-by-word:
the for flesh of me true is food, and the blood of me true is drink.

Smooth Translation:
For my flesh is true food and my blood is true drink.

ἡ definite article nominative singular feminine "the"

γὰρ post positive conjunction "for"

σάρξ noun nominative singular feminine "flesh"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

ἀληθής adjective genitive singular feminine "true"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[she] it is"

βρῶσις noun nominative singular feminine "food"

καὶ conjunction "and"

τὸ definite article nominative singular neuter "the"

αἷμά noun nominative singular neuter "blood"

μου pronoun genitive 1st singular "of me"

ἀληθής adjective nominative singular feminine "true"

ἐστιν verb present indicative 3rd singular from εἰμί (I am) "[she] it is"

πόσις noun nominative singular feminine "drink"